| | Manuscript Collection | Save | | 1 | Title: | George Washington Crile Papers
| | | | Creator: | Crile, George Washington | | | | Dates: | 1888-1946 | | | | Abstract: | George Washington Crile (1864-1943) was an internationally-known surgeon and co-founder of the Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland, Ohio. He was also a respected medical scientist whose research and writings included surgical shock, glandular function, blood pressure and transfusion, shell shock, and the effects of wartime surgery. He served in the Army Medical Corps during the Spanish American War. During World War I, he was surgical director at the American Ambulance Hospital in Neuilly, France. In 1917, he organized and trained medical personnel from Lakeside Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, who then served at United States Army Base Hospital No. 4 in Rouen, France. In 1921, he co-founded the Cleveland Clinic, serving as president (1921-1940) and as a trustee (1921-1936). In 1913, Crile helped found the American College of Surgeons, and was a member and officer not only of that organization, but also of the American Medical Association, American Surgical Association, Royal Academy of Surgeons, and the Royal Academy of Medicine. The collection consists of diaries, correspondence, papers, articles, speeches, notes and memoranda, medical records, account books, invoices and receipts, photographs and postcards, scrapbooks, pamphlets, programs and other memorabilia, passports, blueprints, and newspaper clippings. Includes material on modern medical science, Crile's service during World War I with the United States Army Hospital Base No. 4 (Lakeside Unit) in France, the antivivisection controversy, scientific expeditions to regions of North and Central America and Africa, the founding of the Cleveland Clinic in 1921 and the devastating fire there in 1929, and the genealogy of the Crile family. Also included are notes and other material used in the writing of George Crile: An Autobiography, prepared and edited by Grace Crile and published in 1947. Correspondents include Newton D. Baker, Myron T. Herrick, Charles F. Thwing, Harvey Cushing, Charles Mayo, Lord Berkely Moynihan, Nicholas Senn, and Hans Zinsser. The role that Grace Crile played in her husband's life and work is evident, and her own experiences are documented by her diaries, correspondence, and memoranda. | | | | Call #: | MS 2806 | | | | Extent: | 28.50 linear feet (73 containers and 1 oversize folder) | | | | Subjects: | Crile family. | Crile, George Washington, 1864-1943. | Crile, Grace. | Cleveland Clinic Foundation. | Cleveland Clinic Foundation -- Fire, 1929. | United States. Army. Base Hospital No. 4. | Hospitals -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Military Hospitals -- France. | Physicians -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Scientific expeditions -- North America. | Scientific expeditions -- Central America. | Scientific expeditions -- Africa. | Medicine -- Research -- United States. | World War, 1914-1918 -- Medical care. | World War, 1914-1918 -- Hospitals. | World War, 1939-1945 -- Medical care. | Vivisection -- United States. | Spanish-American War, 1898 -- Medical care.
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| Manuscript Collection | Save | | 2 | Title: | City Infirmary, Cleveland, Ohio, Records
| | | | Creator: | City Infirmary, Cleveland, Ohio | | | | Dates: | 1867-1876 | | | | Abstract: | The City Infirmary was established in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1855 to house and assist the poor, aged, mentally ill, and handicapped. The State of Ohio authorized county governments to build and administer poorhouses and infirmaries to provide long-term care for the poor and homeless in 1816. Cuyahoga County was the only county that did not establish a poorhouse, so Cleveland built a combined poorhouse/infirmary in 1827 behind Erie Street Cemetery that accepted referrals from throughout the county. As the population of Cleveland expanded rapidly, its City Council voted in 1849 for a tax levy to pay for a separate workhouse and infirmary. In 1855 the new City Infirmary was built on the site of the current Cleveland Metropolitan General Hospital. A few years later, Cleveland was experiencing the consequences of a national economic panic which included an influx of "inmates" to the City Infirmary that included newborn babies, the elderly, and the infirm. Immediately after the American Civil War, Ohio changed its infirmary law to require the election of infirmary directors and boards, thus injecting politics into the management of the City Infirmary. Cleveland's population doubled between 1860-1870, its economy rapidly industrialized, and its immigrant population increased dramatically. The City Infirmary cared for the poorest, most vulnerable citizens of Cleveland and Cuyahoga County during this era, including destitute individuals and families, the mentally ill, the aged, children too young to be apprenticed, alcoholics, and those suffering from mental and physical disabilities. During the 1870s, Cleveland was again mired in an economic panic that did not begin to ease until 1878. The City Infirmary again experienced a flood of impoverished and ill individuals and families seeking aid. Increasingly, those seeking help at the City Infirmary were recent immigrants to the United States, including Germans, Irish, and Eastern Europeans. At the turn of the century, the City Infirmary was transformed into Cooley Farms which became a national model for service delivery and rehabilitation. The collection consists of one intake ledger. | | | | Call #: | MS 5134 | | | | Extent: | 0.20 linear feet (1 container) | | | | Subjects: | Cleveland (Ohio). City Infirmary. | Hospitals -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Public health -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Medical care -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Registers of births, etc. -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Poor -- Ohio -- Cleveland | Elderly poor -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Orphans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Homeless persons -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Immigrants -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Genealogy.
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