Subject | • | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. | [X] | | • | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. | [X] | | • | African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(5)
| | • | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. |
(4)
| | • | Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(4)
| | • | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social policy. |
(3)
| | • | Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(3)
| | • | Urban renewal -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(3)
| | • | Administrative agencies -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Records and correspondence. |
(2)
| | • | African American mayors -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(2)
| | • | African American politicians -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(2)
| | • | African Americans -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(2)
| | • | City planning -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(2)
| | • | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic conditions. |
(2)
| | • | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic policy. |
(2)
| | • | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Officials and employees. |
(2)
| | • | Glenville Shootout, Cleveland, Ohio, 1968. |
(2)
| | • | Political campaigns -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(2)
| | • | Social action -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(2)
| | • | Stokes, Carl. |
(2)
| | • | Urban policy -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(2)
| | • | Youth -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(2)
| | • | African Americans -- Civil rights |
(1)
| | • | African Americans -- Civil rights -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | African Americans -- Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Social work with. |
(1)
| | • | Air -- Pollution -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Black power -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Boycott -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Businessmen -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Charitable contributions. |
(1)
| | • | Camp Cleveland (Cleveland, Ohio) |
(1)
| | • | Charities -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Appropriations and expenditures. |
(1)
| | • | Cleveland (Ohio). Mayor's Council on Youth Opportunities. |
(1)
| | • | Cleveland Metropolitan Housing Authority. |
(1)
| | • | Cleveland Transit System. |
(1)
| | • | Cleveland: NOW! |
(1)
| | • | Cleveland: NOW! -- Archives. |
(1)
| | • | Community centers -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Community development corporations -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Community welfare councils -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Evans, Fred (Fred Ahmed), d.1978. |
(1)
| | • | Fund raising -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Future Outlook League. |
(1)
| | • | Health planning -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Hough (Cleveland, Ohio) |
(1)
| | • | Housing rehabilitation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Jews -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Job creation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Lewis, Fannie M., 1926- |
(1)
| | • | Near West Side Multi-Service Center (Cleveland, Ohio) |
(1)
| | • | Picketing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Poor -- Ohio -- Cleveland |
(1)
| | • | Race discrimination -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Recreation and juvenile delinquency. |
(1)
| | • | Social work with youth -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Stokes family |
(1)
| | • | Stokes, Carl |
(1)
| | • | Stokes, Louis |
(1)
| | • | Urban League of Cleveland. |
(1)
| | • | Youth -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Recreation. |
(1)
| | • | Youth -- Ohio -- Cleveland. |
(1)
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| | Manuscript Collection | Requires cookie* | | 1 | Title: | Urban League of Cleveland Records
| | | | Creator: | Urban League of Cleveland | | | | Dates: | 1914-1971 | | | | Abstract: | The Urban League of Cleveland was organized in 1917, in Cleveland, Ohio, as the Negro Welfare Association of Cleveland. It joined the National Urban League in 1930 and changed its name to the Urban League of Cleveland in 1940. Its purpose is interracial planning to help the community devise solutions to social and economic problems. The collection consists of minutes, reports, correspondence, speeches, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, brochures, financial and membership records, and files of Director Ernest Cooper and Deputy-Director Anita Polk. | | | | Call #: | MS 3573 | | | | Extent: | 19.00 linear feet (50 containers and 5 oversize volumes) | | | | Subjects: | Urban League of Cleveland. | African Americans -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | African Americans -- Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Social work with. | Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Community welfare councils -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions.
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| Manuscript Collection | Requires cookie* | | 2 | Title: | Future Outlook League Records
| | | | Creator: | Future Outlook League | | | | Dates: | 1935-1959 | | | | Abstract: | The Future Outlook League was a Cleveland, Ohio, civil rights organization founded in 1935 by John Oliver Holly to promote employment, mobility, and equality for black youth and young adults in the Central area. Holly, the League's first president, was a political office holder in the area. The idea for the League grew out of dissatisfaction with the achievements of existing Negro organizations concerning employment. The organization appealed to both unskilled and semi-skilled Afro-Americans and was one of the first black organizations in the late 1930s to use picketing and economic boycotts to secure employment for Negroes. Supported primarily by weekly fees assessed to those who obtained jobs through the League, the organization integrated staffs of banks, stores, utilities, and industry. Integration of area neighborhoods was also a concern. The collection consists of minutes, financial materials, subject files, scrapbooks, and membership cards. The collection pertains largely to the establishment of the League and its activities in promoting employment and civil rights on behalf of Cleveland's black community. The membership cards reveal characteristics of that community by providing information on marital status, age, occupation, education, and residence. The scrapbooks detail the League's activities against small, local establishments, as well as national chains, such as the A&P Company, Belle Vernon Products, Lawson's Stores, and People's Drug Stores. | | | | Call #: | MS 4171 | | | | Extent: | 5.91 linear feet (13 containers and 1 oversize folder) | | | | Subjects: | Future Outlook League. | African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | African Americans -- Civil rights -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | African Americans -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Race discrimination -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Black power -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Boycott -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Picketing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions.
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| Manuscript Collection | Requires cookie* | | 3 | Title: | Stokes Oral History Collection
| | | | Creator: | Cuyahoga Community College, Western Reserve Historical Society, Cleveland State University | | | | Dates: | 2017 | | | | Abstract: | Carl Stokes, and his brother Louis, were groundbreaking African-American politicians from Cleveland, Ohio. Carl Stokes became the first black mayor of a major U.S. city when elected in 1967. Louis Stokes was the first African-American congressman from Ohio when he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1968, a position he held for 15 consecutive terms. During Carl Stokes' two mayoral terms, city hall jobs were opened to blacks and women, and a number of urban renewal projects initiated. Between 1983 and 1994 Carl Stokes served as municipal judge, and in 1994 was appointed by President Clinton as U.S. Ambassador to the Republic of the Seychelles. Louis Stokes began his career as a civil rights attorney and helped challenge the Ohio redistricting in 1965 that fragmented African-American voting strength. In 1967, Louis Stokes argued before the U.S. Supreme Court in the Terry v. Ohio case, also known as the "stop-and-frisk" case. In the 1970s, Louis Stokes served as chair of the House Select Committee on Assassinations and in the 1980s was a noted member of the House Select Committee to Investigate Covert Arms Transactions with Iran. The interviews were conducted during 2017 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Carl Stokes' election as mayor and the election of Louis Stokes to Congress. The collection includes video recordings of 38 individuals, transcripts, interview release forms, and protocols. | | | | Call #: | MS 5416 | | | | Extent: | 0.81 linear feet (3 containers) | | | | Subjects: | African American mayors -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | African American politicians -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Political campaigns -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | City planning -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Officials and employees. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social policy. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic policy. | Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | African Americans -- Civil rights | Jews -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Stokes, Carl | Stokes, Louis | Stokes family
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| Manuscript Collection | Requires cookie* | | 4 | Title: | Carl Stokes Papers
| | | | Creator: | Stokes, Carl | | | | Dates: | 1956-1972 | | | | Abstract: | Carl Stokes (1927-1996) was the Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, from 1967-1971. Stokes was the first African American mayor of a major American city and the first African American Democrat in the Ohio State Legislature, where he served three terms from 1962-1967. As mayor, Stokes launched a number of programs to alleviate the problems of urban decay. Chief among these was Cleveland: NOW!, a joint public and private program with plans to raise $177 million in its first two years to revitalize Cleveland. The program was discredited due to the Glenville Shootout in July, 1968. Under Stokes, Cleveland City Council passed the Equal Employment Opportunity Ordinance, and HUD resumed funding projects aiding in the construction of over 3,000 new low- and middle-income housing units. Stokes became a newscaster with NBC television in 1972, and returned to his law practice in Cleveland in 1980. In 1983, Stokes was elected a municipal court judge. The collection consists of correspondence, memoranda, reports, minutes, and newspaper clippings pertaining to the political career of Carl B. Stokes, including his terms in the Ohio State legislature, his mayoral campaigns, and particularly his tenure as mayor of Cleveland, Ohio. The collection details the organization of the mayor's office, and illustrates the problems that Blacks in the vanguard of social and political progress faced, as well as the challenges faced by any urban leader in the turbulent 1960s and early 1970s. Key events in Stokes' administration are illustrated, including the Glenville Shootout, the hiring and resignation of Safety Director Gen. Ben Davis, the activities of the Mayor's Council on Youth Opportunities, and Cleveland: NOW! The work of then City Council President James Stanton is represented, along with material relating to Stokes' brother Louis. Notable correspondents include Hubert Humphrey, Walter Mondale, Robert F. Kennedy, Spiro Agnew, Cyrus Eaton, Edward Kennedy, George Forbes, Jesse Jackson, and Howard Metzenbaum. | | | | Call #: | MS 4370 | | | | Extent: | 104.51 linear feet (107 containers and 1 oversize folder) | | | | Subjects: | Stokes, Carl. | Cleveland Metropolitan Housing Authority. | Cleveland Transit System. | Cleveland: NOW! | African American mayors -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | African American politicians -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Administrative agencies -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Records and correspondence. | Air -- Pollution -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | City planning -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Political campaigns -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Urban renewal -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Urban policy -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Youth -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Glenville Shootout, Cleveland, Ohio, 1968. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Appropriations and expenditures. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Officials and employees. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic conditions. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic policy. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social policy. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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| Manuscript Collection | Requires cookie* | | 5 | Title: | Fannie M. Lewis Papers
| | | | Creator: | Lewis, Fannie M. | | | | Dates: | 1965-1976 | | | | Abstract: | Fannie M. Lewis (1926-2008) was an African American activist and Cleveland, Ohio, councilwoman. She was involved in a number of Hough neighborhood improvement programs, including Community Action for Youth, Neighborhood Youth Corps, Model Cities Association, and the Citizen's Participation Organization. She became a city councilwoman from Cleveland's Ward 7 in 1982. The collection consists of personal papers and the records and subject files relating to Lewis' work with the Model Cities Association, Neighborhood Youth Corps, and other community organizations. Included are articles of incorporation, bylaws, trustee minutes, monthly reports, financial records, proposals, correspondence, memoranda, residency lists, posters, and newspaper clippings. The collection is useful to the study of Cleveland community development programs and Fanny Lewis' efforts with these programs. Some materials relate to racism, politics, and local government in Cleveland during the 1960s and 1970s. | | | | Call #: | MS 4341 | | | | Extent: | 14.00 linear feet (16 containers) | | | | Subjects: | Lewis, Fannie M., 1926- | African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Community development corporations -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Social action -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Poor -- Ohio -- Cleveland | Urban renewal -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Health planning -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Youth -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Hough (Cleveland, Ohio) | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic conditions. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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| Manuscript Collection | Requires cookie* | | 6 | Title: | Cleveland: NOW! Records
| | | | Creator: | Cleveland: NOW! | | | | Dates: | 1967-1977 | | | | Abstract: | Cleveland: NOW! was a multiracial joint public and private program for extensive urban renewal and revitalization in Cleveland, Ohio, created by Mayor Carl B. Stokes following the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. on April 4, 1968. The program planned to raise $1.5 billion over ten years. The first 2-year phase called for spending $177 million for projects in eight areas: neighborhood housing rehabilitation; accelerated urban renewal; the creation of 16,000 jobs; expansion of small business opportunities; city planning; health, welfare, and day care centers; summer recreation programs for youth; and the construction of Camp Cleveland. The program was discredited due to the Glenville Shootout of July 23, 1968, a gun battle between police and members of the Black Nationalists Organization of New Libya who obtained weapons with funds received indirectly from Cleveland: NOW! Stokes and the NOW! trustees were sued in 1970 by 8 policemen wounded in the shootout, but the suit was dismissed in 1977. Although Cleveland: NOW! met many of its initial goals, the organization ceased activities for the most part after 1970, and was formally dissolved in 1980. The collection consists of articles of incorporation, minutes, board of trustees records, correspondence, financial records, records of the major programs, publicity information, newspaper clippings, and proceedings of lawsuits. The collection pertains to a dramatic, multiracial attempt on a large scale to address and ameliorate a wide range of social ills by initial infusions of large amounts of money. The financial records and contributors correspondence contain detailed information for a possible demographic examination of contributors to the program. | | | | Call #: | MS 4501 | | | | Extent: | 3.80 linear feet (5 containers) | | | | Subjects: | Stokes, Carl. | Evans, Fred (Fred Ahmed), d.1978. | Cleveland: NOW! -- Archives. | Cleveland (Ohio). Mayor's Council on Youth Opportunities. | Near West Side Multi-Service Center (Cleveland, Ohio) | African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Administrative agencies -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Records and correspondence. | Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Community centers -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Social action -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Youth -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Youth -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Recreation. | Glenville Shootout, Cleveland, Ohio, 1968. | Urban renewal -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Urban policy -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Housing rehabilitation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Social work with youth -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Job creation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Fund raising -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Recreation and juvenile delinquency. | Charities -- Ohio -- Cleveland. | Businessmen -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Charitable contributions. | Camp Cleveland (Cleveland, Ohio) | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social policy. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. | Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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