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Search: Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. in subject [X] Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. in subject [X]	Results: 14 Items
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1	Title:	Ralph Sidney Locher Papers
	Creator:	Locher, Ralph Sidney
	Dates:	1949-1967
	Abstract:	Ralph Locher (1915-2004) was the Democratic Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio (1962-1967) who became a Judge of the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas (1968-1972), of the County Probate Court (1972-1976), and of the Ohio Supreme Court for two terms beginning in 1976. The collection consists of correspondence, speeches, notes, reports, certificates, and miscellaneous printed material dealing with Locher's administrative and political concerns, particularly as Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio.
	Call #:	MS 3337
	Extent:	9.00 linear feet (24 containers)
	Subjects:	Locher, Ralph S., (Ralph Sidney) 1915- \| Cleveland (Ohio). Mayor. \| School integration -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Minorities -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Political activity. \| Elections -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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2	Title:	Russell Howard Davis Papers
	Creator:	Davis, Russell Howard
	Dates:	1897-1977
	Abstract:	Russell Howard Davis (1897-1976) was an educator, community activist, historian, and author of the first comprehensive history of African Americans in Cleveland, Ohio. Davis drew from his brother Harry's unfinished manuscript on Blacks in Cleveland and published it in two volumes, Memorable Negroes in Cleveland's Past (1969) and Black Americans in Cleveland (1974). The collection consists of family records and histories, correspondence, organizational records and notes, manuscripts by Davis and other authors, and miscellaneous printed materials and newspaper clippings.
	Call #:	MS 4031
	Extent:	10.81 linear feet (12 containers and 1 oversize folder)
	Subjects:	Davis, Russell Howard, 1897-1976. \| Davis family. \| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Cleveland Branch -- History. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| School integration -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Aged -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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3	Title:	Howard K. Preston Scrapbooks
	Creator:	Preston, Howard K.
	Dates:	1960-1976
	Abstract:	Howard K. Preston was an editorial writer and columnist for the Cleveland Plain Dealer, 1960-1976. Preston wrote about local, state and national issues, as well as the trivial and commonplace. He began his newspaper career at the Cleveland News in 1937, but joined the Plain Dealer when the News was sold in 1960. The collection consists of forty-one scrapbooks, containing Preston's editorials and letters of congratulations. The collection reflects Preston's and the Plain Dealer's views on foreign relations (especially Russian-American relations and Vietnam relations), race relations, city development projects, nuclear weapons, space flight, elections at all levels of government, and other subjects.
	Call #:	MS 4415
	Extent:	1.00 linear feet (5 containers)
	Subjects:	Preston, Howard K. (Howard Kenneth), 1913-1983. \| Journalism -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Newspapers -- Sections, columns, etc. -- Editorials. \| Government and the press -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| American newspapers -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Sections, columns, etc. \| United States -- Foreign relations -- 1945- \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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4	Title:	George Forbes Papers
	Creator:	Forbes, Geoge
	Dates:	1966-1990
	Abstract:	George L. Forbes (b. 1931) was arguably the most powerful man in Cleveland, Ohio, politics during the 1970s and 1980s. His position as the President of Cleveland City Council from 1974-1989 was crucial in the relationships he formed with mayors Dennis Kucinich and George Voinovich which were sometimes contentious. He also used this prominent position to promote civil rights and minority-owned businesses. Forbes was born in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1931, coming to the Cleveland area in the 1950s to earn his degrees from Baldwin Wallace College in 1957 and the Cleveland Marshall College of Law in 1961. A lawyer by profession, Forbes was admitted to both the Ohio and Federal Bars in 1962. In 1963 he was elected to Cleveland City Council, where he served for 27 years. He assisted Carl B. Stokes in his mayoral runs, helped to establish the 21st District Congressional Caucus to improve race relations within the Democratic party, and formed the first African-American law firm in Cleveland. He was also involved in a number of civic organizations, including the Cleveland Chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), where he served as President from 1992-2012, The Urban League, The Council of Economic Opportunity, the Businessmen's Interracial Committee on Community Affairs, the John Harlan Law Club, and the National Association of Defense Lawyers for Criminal Cases. Currently (as of May 2012), he is involved in the Freedom to Marry movement to end marriage discrimination against gay couples in Ohio and has resigned from the NAACP Presidency. George L. Forbes has also been embroiled in numerous controversies during his political life. He was acquitted of bribery, extortion, and theft in office in 1979, has plead guilty to ethics violations in dealing with the Ohio Bureau of Workers Compensation in 2007, and was sanctioned by the Ohio Supreme Court in 2008, which put his law license in jeopardy. During his career he has advocated for the poor and minority groups. He has worked against racial discrimination within a number of organizations, including the Regional Transit Authority and the Cleveland Police Force, created a mandate that a minimum percentage of construction work within the city be done by minority contractors/workers, and battled to improve inner city schools. The collection consists of awards, certificates, correspondence, financial records, legal documents, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, posters, research materials, speeches, and surveys.
	Call #:	MS 5136
	Extent:	2.81 linear feet (4 containers and 1 oversize folder)
	Subjects:	Forbes, George L., 1931- \| Cleveland (Ohio). City Council. \| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Cleveland Branch. \| African American politicians -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African American lawyers -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Civil rights -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Political campaigns -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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5	Title:	MS 5433 George Forbes Papers, Series II
	Creator:	George Forbes
	Dates:	1945-2014
	Abstract:	George L. Forbes (b. 1931) was arguably the most powerful man in Cleveland politics during the 1970s and 1980s. His position as the President of Cleveland City Council from 1974-1989 was crucial in the relationships he formed with mayors Dennis Kucinich and George Voinovich which were sometimes contentious. He also used this prominent position to promote civil rights and minority-owned businesses. Forbes was born in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1931, coming to the Cleveland area in the 1950s to earn his degrees from Baldwin Wallace College in 1957 and the Cleveland Marshall College of Law in 1961. A lawyer by profession, Forbes was admitted to both the Ohio and Federal Bars in 1962. In 1963 he was elected to Cleveland City Council, where he served for 27 years. He assisted Carl B. Stokes in his mayoral runs, helped to establish the 21st District Congressional Caucus to improve race relations within the Democratic party, and formed the first African-American law firm in Cleveland. He was also involved in a number of civic organizations, including the Cleveland Chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), where he served as President from 1992-2012, The Urban League, The Council of Economic Opportunity, the Businessmen's Interracial Committee on Community Affairs, the John Harlan Law Club, and the National Association of Defense Lawyers for Criminal Cases. He was acquitted of bribery, extortion, and theft in office in 1979, has plead guilty to ethics violations in dealing with the Ohio Bureau of Workers Compensation in 2007, and was sanctioned by the Ohio Supreme Court in 2008, which put his law license in jeopardy. During his career he has advocated for the poor and minority groups. He has worked against racial discrimination within a number of organizations, including the Regional Transit Authority and the Cleveland Police Force, created a mandate that a minimum percentage of construction work within the city be done by minority contractors/workers, and battled to improve city schools. The collection consists of awards, certificates, correspondence, financial records, legal documents, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, photographs, posters, research materials, reports, speeches, survey, and audiovisual recordings.
	Call #:	MS 5433
	Extent:	28.01 linear feet (31 containers, including one oversized container and one oversized folder)
	Subjects:	African American lawyers -- Ohio -- Cleveland \| African American politicians -- Ohio -- Cleveland \| Forbes, George L., 1931- \| Cleveland (Ohio). City Council. \| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Cleveland Branch. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Civil rights -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Political campaigns -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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6	Title:	Daniel Edgar Morgan Papers, Series II
	Creator:	Morgan, Daniel Edgar
	Dates:	1920-1932
	Abstract:	Daniel Edgar Morgan (1877-1949) was a Cleveland, Ohio, lawyer and politician who served as a city councilman, Ohio state senator (1928-1930), Cleveland City Manager (1930-1931), and judge of the Eighth District Court of Appeals (1939-1949). The collection consists of correspondence, reports, financial records, proposals, publications and newspaper clippings relating to Morgan's tenure as Cleveland City Manager.
	Call #:	MS 3676
	Extent:	4.20 linear feet (4 containers and 1 oversize folder)
	Subjects:	Morgan, Daniel Edgar, 1877-1949. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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7	Title:	Maurice Klain Research Papers : Cleveland Area Leadership Studies, Series I
	Creator:	Klain, Maurice
	Dates:	1957-1965
	Abstract:	The Cleveland Area Leadership Studies were produced by Dr. Klain, a political scientist at Western Reserve University (Case Western Reserve University since 1967), as a scholarly project to identify, describe and analyze leadership, decision-making, influence and power in Greater Cleveland, Ohio, during the 1950s and 1960s. The people interviewed were eminent figures in the business and professional life of Cleveland, prominent in government, law and politics, education, journalism, religion, philanthropy, non-governmental civic institutions, ethnic communities and social activism. The collection is therefore critical to the study of Cleveland in the 1960s. Because the collection was produced on the eve of the racial conflicts which shook the U.S. in the 1960s and which erupted in Cleveland's Hough neighborhood during 1966, Klain has characterized such interviews as "conversations on a powderkeg." The collection is comprised of the second drafts of the interview transcripts. The Klain research papers constitute an extensive and massive body of information about the Cleveland metropolitan region, its leaders, groups and interests. The heart of the study is embodied in over 700 transcripts of interviews conducted by Klain and his graduate students from 1957 to 1965. Included are a number of interviews with members of the exclusive Fifty Club and the founders of University Circle, Incorporated.
	Call #:	MS 4219
	Extent:	14.0 linear feet (14 containers)
	Subjects:	Cities and towns -- Research -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Political participation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Urban policy -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Sociology, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| City and town life -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Leadership. \| Community leadership -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Political leadership -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Race discrimination -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Race relations. \| Community power -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Interviews -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic conditions.
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8	Title:	Maurice Klain Research Papers : Cleveland Area Leadership Studies, Series II
	Creator:	Klain, Maurice
	Dates:	1937-1972
	Abstract:	The Cleveland Area Leadership Study was a major research project designed to study the power base of greater Cleveland, Ohio, with emphasis on the decision-making process and the role of various community leaders. The project was supervised by Maurice Klain, professor in the Department of Political Science at Western Reserve University. The collection consists of correspondence, memoranda, interview transcripts, a subject file, questionnaires, raw data from Klain's studies on endorsements and voter tabulations, interpretative computer printouts, and newspaper clippings.
	Call #:	MS 4305
	Extent:	30.80 linear feet (33 containers)
	Subjects:	Community leadership -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Community power -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Political leadership -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Interviews -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Attitude (Psychology) -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Minorities -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Social surveys -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Voting research -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Political participation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cities and towns -- Research -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Urban policy -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| City and town life -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Race discrimination -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Sociology, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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9	Title:	Fannie M. Lewis Papers
	Creator:	Lewis, Fannie M.
	Dates:	1965-1976
	Abstract:	Fannie M. Lewis (1926-2008) was an African American activist and Cleveland, Ohio, councilwoman. She was involved in a number of Hough neighborhood improvement programs, including Community Action for Youth, Neighborhood Youth Corps, Model Cities Association, and the Citizen's Participation Organization. She became a city councilwoman from Cleveland's Ward 7 in 1982. The collection consists of personal papers and the records and subject files relating to Lewis' work with the Model Cities Association, Neighborhood Youth Corps, and other community organizations. Included are articles of incorporation, bylaws, trustee minutes, monthly reports, financial records, proposals, correspondence, memoranda, residency lists, posters, and newspaper clippings. The collection is useful to the study of Cleveland community development programs and Fanny Lewis' efforts with these programs. Some materials relate to racism, politics, and local government in Cleveland during the 1960s and 1970s.
	Call #:	MS 4341
	Extent:	14.00 linear feet (16 containers)
	Subjects:	Lewis, Fannie M., 1926- \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Community development corporations -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Social action -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Poor -- Ohio -- Cleveland \| Urban renewal -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Health planning -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Youth -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Hough (Cleveland, Ohio) \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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10	Title:	Stokes Oral History Collection
	Creator:	Cuyahoga Community College, Western Reserve Historical Society, Cleveland State University
	Dates:	2017
	Abstract:	Carl Stokes, and his brother Louis, were groundbreaking African-American politicians from Cleveland, Ohio. Carl Stokes became the first black mayor of a major U.S. city when elected in 1967. Louis Stokes was the first African-American congressman from Ohio when he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1968, a position he held for 15 consecutive terms. During Carl Stokes' two mayoral terms, city hall jobs were opened to blacks and women, and a number of urban renewal projects initiated. Between 1983 and 1994 Carl Stokes served as municipal judge, and in 1994 was appointed by President Clinton as U.S. Ambassador to the Republic of the Seychelles. Louis Stokes began his career as a civil rights attorney and helped challenge the Ohio redistricting in 1965 that fragmented African-American voting strength. In 1967, Louis Stokes argued before the U.S. Supreme Court in the Terry v. Ohio case, also known as the "stop-and-frisk" case. In the 1970s, Louis Stokes served as chair of the House Select Committee on Assassinations and in the 1980s was a noted member of the House Select Committee to Investigate Covert Arms Transactions with Iran. The interviews were conducted during 2017 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Carl Stokes' election as mayor and the election of Louis Stokes to Congress. The collection includes video recordings of 38 individuals, transcripts, interview release forms, and protocols.
	Call #:	MS 5416
	Extent:	0.81 linear feet (3 containers)
	Subjects:	African American mayors -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African American politicians -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Political campaigns -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| City planning -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Officials and employees. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social policy. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic policy. \| Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Civil rights \| Jews -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Stokes, Carl \| Stokes, Louis \| Stokes family
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11	Title:	Cleveland: NOW! Records
	Creator:	Cleveland: NOW!
	Dates:	1967-1977
	Abstract:	Cleveland: NOW! was a multiracial joint public and private program for extensive urban renewal and revitalization in Cleveland, Ohio, created by Mayor Carl B. Stokes following the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. on April 4, 1968. The program planned to raise $1.5 billion over ten years. The first 2-year phase called for spending $177 million for projects in eight areas: neighborhood housing rehabilitation; accelerated urban renewal; the creation of 16,000 jobs; expansion of small business opportunities; city planning; health, welfare, and day care centers; summer recreation programs for youth; and the construction of Camp Cleveland. The program was discredited due to the Glenville Shootout of July 23, 1968, a gun battle between police and members of the Black Nationalists Organization of New Libya who obtained weapons with funds received indirectly from Cleveland: NOW! Stokes and the NOW! trustees were sued in 1970 by 8 policemen wounded in the shootout, but the suit was dismissed in 1977. Although Cleveland: NOW! met many of its initial goals, the organization ceased activities for the most part after 1970, and was formally dissolved in 1980. The collection consists of articles of incorporation, minutes, board of trustees records, correspondence, financial records, records of the major programs, publicity information, newspaper clippings, and proceedings of lawsuits. The collection pertains to a dramatic, multiracial attempt on a large scale to address and ameliorate a wide range of social ills by initial infusions of large amounts of money. The financial records and contributors correspondence contain detailed information for a possible demographic examination of contributors to the program.
	Call #:	MS 4501
	Extent:	3.80 linear feet (5 containers)
	Subjects:	Stokes, Carl. \| Evans, Fred (Fred Ahmed), d.1978. \| Cleveland: NOW! -- Archives. \| Cleveland (Ohio). Mayor's Council on Youth Opportunities. \| Near West Side Multi-Service Center (Cleveland, Ohio) \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Administrative agencies -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Records and correspondence. \| Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Community centers -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Social action -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Youth -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Youth -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Recreation. \| Glenville Shootout, Cleveland, Ohio, 1968. \| Urban renewal -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Urban policy -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Housing rehabilitation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Social work with youth -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Job creation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Fund raising -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Recreation and juvenile delinquency. \| Charities -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Businessmen -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Charitable contributions. \| Camp Cleveland (Cleveland, Ohio) \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social policy. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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12	Title:	Cleveland Mayoral Papers
	Creator:	City of Cleveland, Office of the Mayor
	Dates:	1937-1953
	Abstract:	The collection consists of records produced during the administrations of Cleveland, Ohio, mayors Blythin, Lausche and Burke, 1941-1953. The collection includes correspondence, reports, budget statements, blueprints and maps from various projects during the administrations of these three mayors. The collection pertains to the government of Cleveland during this period, and to the relevant political and social issues occurring at the time. Included within the collection are records relating to race relations, water fluoridation, national security, civic improvements, the 1948 World Series, and the Cleveland bingo controversy.
	Call #:	MS 4276
	Extent:	4.40 linear feet (5 containers)
	Subjects:	Local transit -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Mayors -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Transit strike, Cleveland, Ohio, 1943-1944. \| Veterans -- Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Public utilities -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Bingo -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| City planning -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Water -- Fluoridation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Urban renewal -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Freedom Train. \| World series (Baseball) \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Civil defense. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Public works. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Appropriations and expenditures.
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13	Title:	Thomas F. Campbell Papers
	Creator:	Campbell, Thomas F.
	Dates:	1897-2004
	Abstract:	Thomas Campbell was an author, community leader, and professor and university administrator who co-founded the Maxine Goodman Levin College of Urban Affairs at Cleveland State University and served as its director. Campbell served as president of the City Club of Cleveland, and was instrumental in opening its doors to women. He directed the Cleveland Heritage Program for Cleveland Public Library. He ran for mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, in 1977. He founded the Irish American Archives Society and was deeply involved in the Irish American community of Cleveland, as well as numerous other groups in the Cleveland, Ohio area. The collection consists of agendas, awards, biographical data, correspondence, diaries, a dissertation, examination papers, flyers, invitations, magazine articles, memberships, minutes, newsletters, newspaper clippings, photographs, plays, poems, programs, recipes, reports, resumes, speeches, workshops and writings.
	Call #:	MS 4925
	Extent:	9.43 linear feet (10 containers and 3 oversize folders)
	Subjects:	Campbell, Thomas F. \| Case Western Reserve University. Dept. of History. \| Ohio State University. Dept. of History. \| Cleveland State Univeristy. \| Cleveland State University. Dept. of History. \| Cleveland State University. College of Urban Affairs. \| Maxine Goodman Levin College of Urban Affairs. \| Cleveland Public Library \| City Club of Cleveland. \| Irish American Archives Society (Cleveland, Ohio) \| Western Reserve Historical Society. History Library. \| Cleveland Restoration Society. \| Friends of Howe Mansion. \| Social Welfare History Group \| Friends of Shaker Square. \| Irish-American Partnership. \| American Friends Service Committee. \| Philosophical Club of Cleveland. \| Irish Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Irish Americans. \| College teachers -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| College administrators -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Civic leaders -- Ohio -- Cleveland \| City planning -- Ohio -- Cleveland \| Crime -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Criminal justice, Administration of -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Historic preservation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Mayors -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Biography \| Minorities -- Ohio -- Cleveland \| Municiapl home rule -- Ohio -- Cleveland \| Neighborhood planning -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Police -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Political campaigns -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Riots -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Women -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Ethnic relations. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- History. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. \| Shaker Square (Cleveland, Ohio) \| Northern Ireland -- Politics and government.
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14	Title:	Carl Stokes Papers
	Creator:	Stokes, Carl
	Dates:	1956-1972
	Abstract:	Carl Stokes (1927-1996) was the Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, from 1967-1971. Stokes was the first African American mayor of a major American city and the first African American Democrat in the Ohio State Legislature, where he served three terms from 1962-1967. As mayor, Stokes launched a number of programs to alleviate the problems of urban decay. Chief among these was Cleveland: NOW!, a joint public and private program with plans to raise $177 million in its first two years to revitalize Cleveland. The program was discredited due to the Glenville Shootout in July, 1968. Under Stokes, Cleveland City Council passed the Equal Employment Opportunity Ordinance, and HUD resumed funding projects aiding in the construction of over 3,000 new low- and middle-income housing units. Stokes became a newscaster with NBC television in 1972, and returned to his law practice in Cleveland in 1980. In 1983, Stokes was elected a municipal court judge. The collection consists of correspondence, memoranda, reports, minutes, and newspaper clippings pertaining to the political career of Carl B. Stokes, including his terms in the Ohio State legislature, his mayoral campaigns, and particularly his tenure as mayor of Cleveland, Ohio. The collection details the organization of the mayor's office, and illustrates the problems that Blacks in the vanguard of social and political progress faced, as well as the challenges faced by any urban leader in the turbulent 1960s and early 1970s. Key events in Stokes' administration are illustrated, including the Glenville Shootout, the hiring and resignation of Safety Director Gen. Ben Davis, the activities of the Mayor's Council on Youth Opportunities, and Cleveland: NOW! The work of then City Council President James Stanton is represented, along with material relating to Stokes' brother Louis. Notable correspondents include Hubert Humphrey, Walter Mondale, Robert F. Kennedy, Spiro Agnew, Cyrus Eaton, Edward Kennedy, George Forbes, Jesse Jackson, and Howard Metzenbaum.
	Call #:	MS 4370
	Extent:	104.51 linear feet (107 containers and 1 oversize folder)
	Subjects:	Stokes, Carl. \| Cleveland Metropolitan Housing Authority. \| Cleveland Transit System. \| Cleveland: NOW! \| African American mayors -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African American politicians -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Administrative agencies -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Records and correspondence. \| Air -- Pollution -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| City planning -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Political campaigns -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Urban renewal -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Urban policy -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Youth -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Glenville Shootout, Cleveland, Ohio, 1968. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Appropriations and expenditures. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Officials and employees. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic policy. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social policy. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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